Marketing of Apple Products in UK

Introduction Marketing can be defined as the process of making goods and service available to customers. Marketing helps to communicate one’s product to the potential customers. This includes selling products and promoting them through advertising. Marketing is geared towards satisfying customer needs and through the sale where the marketers earn revenue.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing of Apple Products in UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Company Analysis The Apple Company was established in the year 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne. Ronald Wayne opted to sell his stake in the company. Therefore, he stopped being a shareholder in the company after his shares were bought by the other two partners. In the initial stages of the company, Mark Markkula was critical in providing the financial assistance and expertise that was needed. The headquarters of the company is based in Cu pertino, California. The Apple Company engages in the manufacture of electronic gadgets and software. Some of the software manufactured by the company include the Mac OS X operating system and iTunes, among others. The company also manufactures the iLife, iWork and Aperture. Apart from the software, the company manufactures hardware such as the iPod, iPhone, and iPad among others. Notably, the Apple company also manufactures the Macintosh computers. Steve Jobs was the former CEO of the company but died in 2011. As an entrepreneur, Steve Jobs created a great success story for the company. Most of the activities are based on risk taking. The establishment of the various products is based on risk taking by the organization. This has made the company quite successful compared to other competitors in the market. The aspect of entrepreneurship can be traced back to when the company was established. Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne took the greatest risk to establish the company . They had inadequate funds, and they underwent challenging moments to generate enough capital for the establishment of the business. Entrepreneurial aspects are also evident in the current activities of the organization (Gay, Charlesworth Esen 2006, p. 95). The Apple Company has established a research and development department to find out the product and market trends. The research and development department is critical for the growth of the company. Market research enables the company to establish the needs of customers so that the production department can design products that match the market demand. This approach has been beneficial to the company leading to the attraction of a significant market share. For example, the iMovie products have been successful in the market due to the high demand in the music industry. The Apple Company has made considerable sales of its products, and customers are satisfied by the products (Forester, 1987, p. 126).Advertising Looking for es say on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company markets its product under the logo of an apple with a bite mark to try and distinguish it from a cherry. The logo has had three dimension changes since the company was incorporated in 1976. The first logo depicted Sir Isaac Newton seated under an apple tree, but it later changed to the second logo depicting an apple with a rainbow theme. The second logo was in use since the year 1976 to 1998 after which it was changed. This provided room for the current logo to be adopted that depicts an apple with a monochromatic theme and black in color. Over the years, customers and employees have been able to associate with the apple product and the brand name. In addition, the company has derived different slogans for the company products. This includes the first slogan â€Å"Byte into an Apple,† which was coined in the 70s. It later changed to â€Å"Think Differen t† from the year 1997 to 2002. This slogan was used in campaigning and advertisement materials. The Apple Company has been able to derive new slogans for its diversified product lines. An example is an advertisement for iMac in 1998, which read as â€Å"iThink, therefore iMac†. The iPhone uses the following slogan in advertising: â€Å"Say hello to iPhone†. All these slogans have been used to market the different brands of Apple all over the world, and customers have been able to associate with this strong brand in the market (Viardot, 2004, p. 58). The sales of Apple products in the world have been on a steady rise over the years. This has resulted in high profits made by the company where some of the revenue is used to invest in new technology and innovation. The company uses a lot of funds in marketing its products all over the world. According to Forbes magazine, the company was the most recognized brands in the world as of 2011. For a company to have such a status, it should have committed a lot of finances towards marketing its brands all over the world. Findings The Apple Company has grown to become one of the most recognized brands in the world. This can be attributed to its clear marketing and promotion strategy that has satisfied many customers. A business enterprise is usually started to make a profit and manufacture competent products that help to offer maximum satisfaction to the customers. The company’s strategy to market its products has been instrumental for its massive profit margin when compared with other technology companies. It has been able to set a good working and innovation culture that was initiated by Steve Jobs. Thus, the company always strives to remain at the top over other companies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing of Apple Products in UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The culture of innovation has provided employees wit h strategies to manufacture competitive products. The employees of the company have been very innovative, and they have established many differentiated products. The innovations of the company have placed the company in an advantageous position over other competitors in the market. The company has established innovative products in the market, and customers appreciate these products. The innovative products have been differentiated to provide a competitive edge to the company in the global market. Through differentiation, Apple has managed to succeed in the market by competing with larger companies such as Microsoft and IBM among others. Some of the differentiated products include the iTunes and iPhone among others (Plunkett, 2008b, p. 67). The Apple Company has managed to capture customer loyalty in the market. Most of the customers of the company like the products due to their unique features, as well as the innovative culture of the company. The brands of the company are easily i dentifiable in the market, and many people are willing to re-buy from the company. The company enjoys a high level of customer loyalty. This aspect has increased the sales volume of the company since many customers are purchasing from the company. The company has been able to remain on the top edge due to its innovation and advancement in investing in new talents. The company has been on the forefront in contributing to modern technology with its on top products that have won accolades over the world due to the best features and unique innovation (Plunkett, 2008a, p. 98). Good customer relationship has attracted a large customer base to the company. The management of the company encourages employees to create a good relationship with customers. The company has been able to achieve customer loyalty through good relationship that the employees have with customers. E-business activities within Apple include the use of online management of the activities, as well as the online retailing . The online management system is used by managers to control the activities of the organization. The managers monitor customers, employees, and all the activities of the company. The trends in the market are monitored through the use of the online system. The sales made in the market can be determined by the system, and this is used in deciding the best products to manufacture. Most of the management decisions are made using the online management system. The e-business is enhanced through internet, intranets, and extranets. All departments are connected to the network connection where the management can access all individuals within the organization (Mohr, Sengupta Slater 2010, p. 223).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Apple Company has an expanded market over the world and its products are preferred considerably in Europe. In Europe, most of the Apple products are sold in the United Kingdom. According to the marketing president of the Apple Company, over the last few months, the sale of iPhones has more than doubled in U.K. After the introduction of Smartphones in the global market, the iPhone, which is a product of the Apple Company, has taken center stage with a 42.8% of UK Smartphone being sold. This is a big market margin given the number of players in the Smartphone industry. Such a huge sale has been attributed to the demand for the new iPhone 4s, which was introduced in the market during October. Many customers want to own the handset due to its technological advancement. According to the guardian magazine more than 44.8% of the British population owns a Smartphone, which in most cases is an Apple product. The iPhone has revolutionized the mobile industry due to its Android platform us ed by most Smartphone manufacturers. The iPhone 4s, which proceeded the iPhone 4, has received a major boost from the campaign carried out by the marketing executives of the Apple brand. This has resulted in very high sales all over the world (Mohr, Sengupta Slater 2010, p. 41). Some of the strategies that the Apple Company has used to market its products include the use of company-owned retail outlets. Although the strategy is expensive to install, it has worked well for the company. This is especially in Europe as the cost of hiring stores and employing sales agents is reduced in the long run. The company borrowed this strategy from IBM where it bought stores in the cities of Britain to offer a direct channel for its sales. The stores are stocked from the main company in the United States, and the strategy has worked well for the company. In this case, the success of the company can be attributed to this strategy. New products are stocked daily at the store where delivery is quic kened and thus improving on customer satisfaction. Extensive advertising through the mass media has taken place through the use of product slogans. These slogans are unique and drive a lot of pride when one owns an Apple product. Source: Duncan 2012. Reliability of the Apple products is another factor that has led to massive sales of the Apple brand over the years. Many customers feel proud to own a range of Apple products. These products are durable up to date through the extensive innovation being undertaken by Apple Tech engineers. Product diversification is one of the marketing strategies the company has applied for its European market. In this case, customers have many products to choose from when one wants to purchase an Apple product. This strategy has influenced the sales volume of the company, which is on the rise due to a single customer’s preference to purchase more than one Apple product such as iMac computer, iPads and iPods (Forester, 1987, p. 126). Conclusion The Apple Company is among the most recognized brands in the world. Its success story can be told from its founder, Steve Jobs, who has since passed, but his legacy in leadership is being told worldwide. The company has been able to earn high profits due to its intensive marketing strategies. This has led to enormous sales of its diversified products. The employees of the company have been very innovative, and they have established many differentiated products. The innovations of the company have placed the company at an advantage over other competitors in the market. The company has established innovative products in the market, and customers appreciate these products. The innovative products have been differentiated to provide a competitive edge to the company in the global market. Through differentiation, Apple has managed to succeed in the market by competing with larger companies like Microsoft and IBM among others. Reference List Duncan, D 2012, Why Apple stores are raking in bags full of cash, and no one can dupe the formula, https://www.digitaltrends.com/apple/why-do-apple-stores-make-so-much-money-and-why-cant-anybody-copy-them/ Forester, T 1987, High-tech society: the story of the information technology revolution, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. Gay, R, Charlesworth, A Esen, R 2006, Online marketing: a customer-led approach. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Mohr, JJ, Sengupta, S Slater, S F 2010, Marketing of high-technology products and innovations, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. Plunkett, JW 2008a, Plunkett’s retail industry almanac 2009 the only comprehensive guide to the retail industry, Plunkett Research Ltd, Houston, Tex. Plunkett, JW 2008b, The almanac of American employers 2009 the only guide to America’s hottest, fastest growing major corporations, Plunkett Research Ltd, Houston, Tex. Viardot, E 2004, Successful marketing strategy for high-tech firms, Artech House, Boston, Mass. [u.a.]. This essay on Marketing of Apple Products in UK was written and submitted by user Angeline Bailey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay Electoral College system to elect the President of the USAEssay Writing Service

Essay Electoral College system to elect the President of the USAEssay Writing Service Essay Electoral College system to elect the President of the USA Essay Electoral College system to elect the President of the USAThere are two main reasons why we should continue to use the Electoral College system to elect the President of the USA:First, the Electoral College system ensures broader public support of the candidate elected to become the U.S. President. Without this system, candidates could win the elections based on the votes of the heavily populated areas, such as large cities.Second, the Electoral College can be viewed as an important tool to promote an maintain federalism in the United States because this system is based on the principle of equality. In other words, each state has equal rights, no matter what size the state has. The system of federalism guarantees distinct rights which play an important role in the development of the states.There are two main reasons why the Electoral College should be abolished:First, the Electoral College system should be abolished because this system does not promote democracy. Its flaws incl ude the â€Å"faithless elector, the winner take all system, the constant two electoral votes, the uncertainty of the winner winning and the contingency procedure† (Rose, 2004, p. 199).Second, the Electoral College does not support the worth of votes of minority groups, intensifying the racial imbalance in the country. The Electoral College system privileges the lightly populated areas, inhabited by white people.I agree with the Electoral College because this system promotes the use of the two party system, which guarantees political stability and supports the U.S. Constitution. The Electoral College is part of the system of checks and balances, promoted by the U.S. Constitution. Besides, I believe that the Electoral College guarantees fair elections due to the truly national appeal to the President.

Anne Bradstreets Poetry

A literary review of the collection of poemsThe Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America by Anne Bradstreet who is thought to be the first genuine poet to develop in the English speaking New World. This paper discusses the poetry of Anne Bradstreet (who was only published once during her lifetime and without her knowledge ). Bradstreet had emigrated to New England as a young wife in 1630, and her poetry exemplifies a variety of themes related to home and hearth in the New World.Bradstreet offers more in-depth philosophic and religious analysis in other poems.Bradstreets poem Contemplations is an aptly-named poetic meditation with a didactic purpose.The poet uses images of nature such as could be seen in a given day as a way of evoking a sense of God and of the connection between the human lifespan and the larger metaphysical realm of God.The poem is in the first person, with the poet-narrator explaining her views as she observes nature and makes links between the images she sees there and her inner religious beliefs.This use of the first-person personalizes the narrative and brings the reader into the consciousness of the poet directly.We are brought by the poet into her contem plations.We know that the experiences she relates about nature are her own, and we know that the thoughts that these encounters engender are her own.

Health care marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Health care marketing - Essay Example The approach is the third step in which, the salesperson’s focus is the customers’ benefits. This is achieved using the FAB technique in which the product’s features are used. Presentation of the sales is the fourth step in which the presentation of sales is delivered after the grasp of the prospects interest. The presentation involves a persuasive explanation of the proposition of the business both visually and verbally. The trial close is the fifth step of the personal selling process. This step is also called the temperature question and is essentially a method of establishing the prospect’s behavior toward the product as well as its presentation. The sixth step is about the handling objections. They indicate the prospect’s interest and the salespeople should not see it with misgiving. In this step, the prospect requests additional information as a guide in the buying decision. This step helps the salesperson establish what the prospects have in their mind. The seventh step in the personal selling process is closing the sale which is essentially an understanding’s confirmation. If the salesperson really believes that the product’s purchase would benefit the prospect, his/her fear of closing the sale diminishes. The follow-up is the eighth step. The follow-up activities are meant to establish business relationships between the prospects and the salesperson in the long-term. The personal sales process is a crucial component of marketing because it enables the companies to collect data from the consumers so that they can modify the design of their product according to their needs and develop long-term relationship with the consumers by satisfying them with their products. This is absolutely beyond doubt that marketers’ efforts should not cause any harm to the society and they must make all conscious efforts to avoid doing any harm. These days, unfortunately, marketers do cause a lot of harm to the society. This is evident from the ads in which

Blackface Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Blackface - Essay Example They wore woolly wigs on their heads, gloves for their hands and painted their lips in exaggeration. They also made use of either tail – coats or ragged clothes to highlight their totally transformed looks. Much later on, actual black artists took to the same art. Blackface minstrelsy played a very important and significant role in promoting racism worldwide through their racist perceptions and attitudes towards it. The greatest impact of Blackface on the community was â€Å"the precedent it established in the introduction of African American culture to an international audience, albeit through a distorted lens.† (Lott 1993, Watkins 1999) From a National level point of view, minstrelsy was the most popular form of art which was used to express themselves. There are multiple differences of opinions between scholars as to the authenticity leading to the social and cultural creations related to the Blackface practice. In this capacity, historian Robert Toll develops a perspective that reflects a relative ambivalence toward the institution of slavery in the North prior to the Civil War. The historian Eric Lott complicates the issue further by suggesting that Blackface minstrelsy were motivated by both â€Å"love and theft† of black culture. According to popular culture the North was regarded as being abolitionist and a champion of social justice during the Civil War; but contrary to this fact as demonstrated through the popularity of Blackface minstrel shows, there was clear evidence of the element of inferiority associated with individuals of African descent. What the Blackface minstrelsy shows reflected was the perceived unsophisticated nature of the entire African race compared to their European counterparts; the practice emphasized blacks falling short of white standards (67). Blackface minstrelsy made extensive use of malapropisms and puns and conducted their musical concerts while sitting in a wide

Describe the ways in which swing music and popular culture were interrelated during the time known as the swing era Essay Example for Free

Describe the ways in which swing music and popular culture were interrelated during the time known as the swing era Essay Describe the ways in which swing music and popular culture were interrelated during the time known as the swing era. There were many ways in which swing music and popular culture were interrelated during the time known as the swing era. Jazz became the cornerstone of popular culture during the period known as the swing era. The swing era influenced clothing styles, retail marketing, fashion, dance, and even language. Swing fans had their own clothing style and built a social phenomenon around it. With many dances coming and going the swing fans kept on dancing. Name some of the specific innovations Duke Ellington brought to jazz in the 1930’s and 1940’s. Duke Ellington brought some specific innovations to jazz in the 1930’s and 1940’s. Ellington was in time known as the greatest composer in jazz, he wrote roughly 2,000 compositions that had arranged from solo piano pieces, to works for orchestra’s, to highly symphonic concert music, etc. Ellington made a lot of changes to make the perfect sound, he used a variety of mutes on brass instruments to achieve more interesting tonal effects, often gave melodies to instruments that were not typically melodic instruments, and he used cross-sectional voicing. Read Also:  Topics for Descriptive Essay Ellington created an orchestra in the early 1940’s which later became known as his â€Å"Favorite Orchestra†. 4. Describe why Count Basie’s rhythm section is called the first modern rhythm section. Count Basie’s rhythm section is called the first modern rhythm section. Basie made the rhythm section to â€Å"breathe† which helped compliment instead of duplicate, as well as having the drummer Jo Jones who played the high hat cymbal style. With this Basie had created the All-American Rhythm section which was known at the first modern rhythm section because Basie had created such an amazing rhythm section to go with the rest of his band it was solid. 9. Describe some of the reasons why the swing era began and why it came to an end. There were many reasons why the swing era had begun and why it had come to an end. The beginning of the swing era started from a band called the Benny Goodman Orchestra. They traveled around on tour to get a spot and had been denied, until their last stop in Los Angeles, CA. The Palomar Ballroom wanted to hear the music that had been broadcasting and this began the swing era. The swing era decided to collapse with a shocking suddenness, with bands all over closing up their bags and shutting down. The swing era had suddenly ended from changing economics, the war, predictability, the changing audience, and bebop all of this had ended what was known as the swing era. 10. Describe how the styles of Lester Young and Coleman Hawkins were different. The styles from Lester Young and Coleman Hawkins were very different throughout the swing era. Hawkins and Young were two of the best tenor sax players that had emerged during the swing era. Considerably different, Hawkins played a huge dark sound, whereas Young’s was light and breathy. Some of the differences were as follows; Hawkins improvisations were based on his superior knowledge of harmony, Young’s were rooted in the blues, Hawkins played with a rhythmic approach that was always closely tied to the beat, and Young’s rhythmic conception was much looser, and often untied to the beat. Although they had many differences, they inspired sax players for years to come. 1. The arranging styles of Ellington and Basie are quite different when put next to each other to compare and contrast. In the song â€Å"Take the A Train† by Duke Ellington the rhythm section of the band is very on point, and broad it is a stand out section and wants to make their point. They are very loud obnoxious and want to make you want to dance. For the â€Å"One O’clock Jump† by Count Basie the rhythm section is very low key and mellow, although very good and has a good beat, more of a song to have a mellow night to or to hangout and relax to. I prefer the song â€Å"Take the A Train† by Duke Ellington, because I like to dance and it more fits my personality of a loud and obnoxious fun song.

Irony used by Chaucer Essay -- essays research papers

Irony is the general name given to literary techniques that involve surprising, interesting, or amusing contradictions. Two stories from Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales that serve as excellent demonstrations of irony are â€Å"The Pardoners Tale† and â€Å"The Nun's Priest's Tale.† Although these two stories are very different, they both use irony to teach a lesson.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In â€Å"The Pardoner’s Tale, the Pardoner uses his story to speak out against many social problems, all of which he is guilty of. He preaches about drunkenness, while he is intoxicated while telling the story. Blasphemy and greed are other problems he speaks of. Ironically, he attempts to sell fake religious relics and is amazingly greedy. Yet there are also many ironic situations in the story itself. In the beginning of the story, the three rioters make a pact to â€Å"be brothers,† â€Å"to each defend the others,† and â€Å"to live and die for one another† in protection from death. In going out to fulfill their vows, they encounter money and end up killing each other over greed. After finding the money, the men plan to stay with it until it becomes dark when they can safely take it away. To tide themselves over until then, they send the youngest one out to get food and wine, and while he is away they plan to kill for his share of t he money. Ironically, the youngest one is planning the same thing by slipping poison into the drinks of his companions. When he returns, he is attacked and stabbed to death by the other...

Having My Ear Surgery

One of the times that I was most proud of was the time that I had my ear surgery done on December 19. I wanted ear surgery so I can hear better and because of the hole in my ear. Before surgery I was scared and worried that it will hurt so bad and painful. Right before surgery, they numbed my vein with liquid and put an intravenous needle in the numbed skin vein and they put me in the operating room. During surgery, I didn’t feel anything and the doctor started the surgery by making an incision on the ear and he put a patch on it. Next, he put more patches on the part close to my eardrum and then he found an old ear tube close to my eardrum and he removed it. After the surgery I went to the recovery room and stayed there for more than an hour and during that time I had some stuff to eat and then after that we went home. One day someone put hot sauce in a soda bottle and put it in the fridge. I came to take it out and then I started to take the bottle out. Then I started to drink from it and my tongue started to burn and I needed help from mom and I had to drink water to make the burning sensation to go away. The burning sensation went away then I had more hot sauce then the burning sensation came back. The smell was very odoriferous and spicy. The lesson that I learned was before eating or drinking anything you are supposed to check the contents of the container.

Puns in the Importance of Being Ernest

Wilde uses puns throughout this play, but the major pun is found within the title. In The Importance of Being Earnest, the pun, widely considered to be the lowest form of verbal wit, is rarely just a play on words. The title, -The Importance of Being Earnest,- insinuates the importance of being honest and truthful, while playing on the male name, Ernest. The pun in the title is a case in point. The earnest/Ernest joke strikes at the very heart of Victorian notions of respectability and duty. Gwendolen wants to marry a man called Ernest, and she doesn’t care whether the man actually possesses the qualities that comprise earnestness. She is, after all, quick to forgive Jack’s deception. In embodying a man who is initially neither â€Å"earnest† nor â€Å"Ernest,† and who, through forces beyond his control, subsequently becomes both â€Å"earnest† and â€Å"Ernest,† Jack is a walking, breathing paradox and a complex symbol of Victorian hypocrisy. -Earnest – means serious or non-frivolous. Many of the characters in the play spend their time trying to convince each other, and themselves, that they are high-minded people with strong morals and are admired in society. But Oscar Wilde presents them all in such a way that their interests and ethical ideas will seem ridiculous and trivial to most of the audience. -Ernest – is a man's name. Much of the action of the play turns on whether Jack Worthington's first name is Jack, or Ernest. Normally a man's first name is of no great importance in his life, but in the extremely silly world of this play – it is the most serious element of the plot. (Many people who know the play well never realise that we don't get a satisfactory answer to this crucial question). So the pun is that the title of the play appears to mean: The Importance of being a Serious Person; but when we watch the play we realise that the real title is: The Importance of having Ernest for a First name. ex: Algernon- You have always told me it was Ernest. I have introduced you to every one as Ernest. You answer to the name of Ernest. You look as if your name was Ernest. You are the most earnest-looking person I ever saw in my life. We can find puns on the names of the other characters in the play like in: -‘Miss Prism' – The name is a pun on ‘misprision', which has two definitions. The older is very dark, involving the concealment of official neglect, crime or possibly treason. The more modern meaning closely resembles the character's multiple misunderstandings. – Chasuble – The word chasuble is a vestment worn during services. This is, of course, appropriate given the nature of Chasuble’s profession. Chasuble’s name is also a pun because when said aloud can sound like chaseable. Regarding Miss Prism, he is in fact chase-able, which he had previously claimed he was not. Act I, scene 1, Algernon â€Å"Anyone can play (piano) accurately but I play with wonderful expression† – This is a good thumbnail of Wilde’s philosophy of art. Wilde was heavily influenced by Walter Pater and the other aesthetes of the Victorian age. They believed art should concern itself only with its aesthetic qualities that art should exist for art's sake alone. Therefore, art should not be a straightforward representation of reality–it should not be â€Å"accurate,† as Algernon would say–but rather it should be an extension of its creator's artistic styles. Hence, it should have â€Å"wonderful expression. Act I, scene 1, Algernon – â€Å"If the lower orders don't set us a good example, what on earth is the use of them? † – We have a humorous depiction of class tensions here, where Lane, the butler, is given his fair share of droll sayings, and even Algernon seems to recognize that the lower clas has more power than they seem to. Act I, scene 1 (Algernon to Jack) Algernon: â€Å"You don’t seem to realize that in married life; three is company and two is none. † And also in Act II, scene 1 (Lady Bracknell when she finds out about the proposal of Jack) L. Bracknell: â€Å"†¦An engagement should come on a young girl as a surprise, pleasant or unpleasant, as the case may be. † Oscar is again poking fun here at the institution of marriage, a practice surrounded by hypocrisy and absurdity. Aristocracy does not see marriage as an organ of love but rather as a tool for achieving a sustaining social stature. Act I, scene 1, Puns are also used during the conversation between Algernon and Jack in town. To accuse Algernon a liar just like dentists who lies about cavities, Jack has said, -â€Å"My dear Algy, you talk exactly as if you were a dentist. It is very vulgar to talk like a dentist when one isn’t a dentist. It produces a false impression†. This is very funny because we can see that Jack is also lying about his brother, but he is judging Algernon as if he is a very honest person. Later, when Jack reveals all his truth about the name Ernest, Algernon responds by saying: Algernon: â€Å"What you really are is a Bunburyist. You are one of the most advanced Bunburyist I know. †¦ â€Å"Besides now that I know you to be a confirmed Bunburyist, I naturally want to talk to you about Bunburying. I want to tell you the rules. This is very funny, because Algernon is trying to be honest to Jack about advising him of an action that in fact is itself dishonest and false. The pun is when Algernon thinks that Jack deserves to be advised and learn the rules, since he turned out to be a real Bunburyist, even the most advanced one. This is very ridiculous! As if Jack was discovered to be a man with high principles or qualities. Act I, scene 1 Algernon: â€Å"You must be serious about it. I hate people who are not serious about meals. It is do shallow of them. † This is also very ridiculous. What we expect is Algernon asking Jack to be serious with Gwendolen, about their first 10-minute meeting at Algernon’s. Actually, what surprises and makes us laugh is that Algernon immediately asks Jack to be serious about the food. They care about trivial things. But every instance food is mentioned – from the Algernon’ opening discussion of wine with his servant, Lane, to the girls’ insult over tea and the guys’ climatic fight over muffins-is fraught with conflict. The fight over something as basic as food-something that every human being has a carnal need for (like Algernon’s wolfing down of the cucumber sandwiches to Lady Bracknell distress, Jack’s settling for bread and butter, Algernon’s consumption of Jack’s wine and muffins)- we suspect that the food fights are all puns for mocking their repressed sexual life expression and frustration in the face of unusually domineering women. Algernon. [Picking up empty plate in horror. ] Good heavens! Lane! Why are there no cucumber sandwiches? I ordered them specially. Lane. [Gravely. ] There were no cucumbers in the market this morning, sir. I went down twice. Algernon. No cucumbers! †¦Algernon. I am greatly distressed, Aunt Augusta, about there being no cucumbers, not even for ready money. Act I, scene 1 (Lady Bracknell to Algernon) Lady Bracknell: â€Å"Well, I must say Algernon that I think it is high time that Mr. Bunbury made up his mind whether he was going to live or to die. This shilly-shallying with the questions is absurd. Nor do I in any way approve of the modern sympathy with invalids. I consider it morbid†¦I should be much obliged if you would ask Mr. Bunbury from me to be kind enough not to have a relapse on Saturday for I rely on you to arrange my music frame†¦Ã¢â‚¬  It is difficult for Victorian people to understand an interest in something that is so far removed from their daily pleasure, nor to sympathy. Also at the end when they both kill off their imaginary alter egos or friends without much to-do, shows Victorian society’s real values. The Victorian era did not value honesty, responsibility, or compassion for the under-privileged (neither Lady Bracknell nor Algernon exhibit much pity for â€Å"Bunbury† when he â€Å"dies†), but only style, money and aristocracy. It is appropriate that the pun in the sentence when L. B is talking about â€Å"Bunury† death as an appointment to be simply fixed or arranged, and the nonexistent character of â€Å"Bunbury† itself show how shallow are the Victorians’ real concerns. Act I, scene 2 Lady Bracknell starts her conversation by showing to be a very concerned and affectionate mother who wants his expectations meet her requires. The first question she asks is about smoking. Smoking is a harmful, money-consuming habit that needs to be killed, while we find a pun when L. Bracknell turns to be in favor of this habit of Jack. Besides, she considers it as an important occupation or a man. Lady Bracknell: †¦Do you smoke? Jack: Well,yes,I must admit I smoke. Lady Bracknell: I am glad to hear it. A man should always have an occupation of some kind. We face up with many ironic situations during L. Bracknell’s discuss with Jack in act 1, scene 2, making fun to the false, empty ideals of Victorian society, mocking the so-called virtue qualities of the upper class that pretends to be high-educated. The puns are when L. B gives an appreciation of Jack’s being ignorant. She is pleased with Jack’s ignorance, and the most absurd is that she pays high tributes to ignorance by comparing it to a delicate exotic fruit. †¦ Lady Bracknell. A very good age to be married at. I have always been of opinion that a man who desires to get married should know either everything or nothing. Which do you know? Jack. [After some hesitation. ] I know nothing, Lady Bracknell. Lady Bracknell. I am pleased to hear it. I do not approve of anything that tampers with natural ignorance. Ignorance is like a delicate exotic fruit; touch it and the bloom is gone. The whole theory of modern education is radically unsound. Fortunately in England, at any rate, education produces no effect whatsoever. If it did, it would prove a serious danger to the upper classes, and probably lead to acts of violence in Grosvenor Square.

Life and Views of a Western Farmer essays

Life and Views of a Western Farmer essays After the Revolutionary War, the United States was in a state of economic chaos. Depression and inflation were prevalent as a result of the war. Established trading patterns were in disarray. The Congress had no power at this time under the Articles of Confederation. In the thirteen states, where power was centered, the separate currencies were in shambles. The United States was in need of a government with power and control because the Articles of Confederation were lacking many things and had left the government powerless. Life as a Western Farmer in the 1780s Life as a western Massachusetts farmer at this time was difficult to say the least. Farmers produced just enough from their land to support their families. If they were lucky and had a good year, there might be enough extra crops to sell or trade for goods. Farmers lived in the constant fear that they could lose their land and/or freedom to debt collectors. Unable to trade with foreign countries, the New England area merchants had to collect on loans made to farmers to make up for the lack of income from foreign trade. If the farmer could not pay the debt, his land could be taken to cover the debt (Szatmary 19). In many cases, farmers were imprisoned for failure to repay their debtors. To a farmer, owning land was a form of independence and freedom. Losing land meant losing freedom and independence to a farmer. This threat was leading to increased tension between the farming class and the commercial world. As more and more merchants began attempting to collect debts owed to them by farmers, tensions between the two were beginning to boil over. The merchants really had no choice but to try and collect debts for a source of income. The Articles of Confederation left the government without any power. Foreign trade could not be established without government power. Merchants could not trade with other countries on their own and, as a result, were losing ...

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