The important of Magwitch in Great Expectation Essay Example

The significant of Magwitch in Great Expectation Essay Example The significant of Magwitch in Great Expectation Paper The significant of Magwitch in Great Expectation Paper We first observe Magwitch as a dreadful man which gives us the feeling that he is a terrible character. Magwitch is a gotten away from convict he is regularly judge on his appearance, up bringing and absence of instruction, which is significant. Pip who lives with his sister-Mrs Joe-and her significant other Joe Gargery, Pip was in a memorial park when he first goes over this frightful man. Magwitch was in dim clothes, ravenous and cold he was canvassed in cuts, covered in mud and stung by weeds. The convict requests that Pip bring him wittles and a document, its unexpected how a basic undertaking will change Pips life for eternity. The convict took steps to Pips fat cheeks and turned upside, which is additionally amusing with regards to what will happen to Pip later on. Pip complied with the outsider. Dreading for his life he takes porkpie, mincemeat and cognac for the convict from his home. He additionally got the convict a document. Pip returns the following morning on the walks. Discharged his pockets, gave Magwitch the wittles and Magwitch eats them down like a canine. Pip gave Magwitch grace and pity. Pip inquired as to whether he had delighted in the feast, Magwitchs answer was I did, thankyee dear kid. This is significant in light of the fact that it demonstrates empathy to Magwitch that he has never gotten. As he was a vagrant and had nobody. This is the first occasion when we see an indication of humankind from the frightful man. Later on in section 5 fighters were out searching for two convicts, Magwitch and another Compeyson. Joe, Pips brother by marriage a metal forger encourages the fighters to search for the two convicts. The two men were discovered battling on the walks. Pip was with Joe when the two men were captured. Magwitch saw that Pip was with Joe and assumed that Joe was the man Pip lived with. The convict not as awful as he gazes claims upward for Pip saying that it was him who took the food he said then Im sad to report, Ive eaten your pie. Magwitch didnt need Pip to stumble into difficulty at home. The modest metal forger Pips father figure answers by god knows youre welcome to it. The man Magwitch was battling with Compeyson was a convict that Magwitch used to do wrongdoing with. Compeyson was a man of his word. The two men were investigated in court together on account of an imitation trick that the men were engaged with. The equity framework supported the rich thus Magwitch got 14 years however Compeyson just got 7 years. Compeyson had the advantage of learning and open all inclusive school Compeysons training and respectful ways persuaded the adjudicators that he was guiltless. This is a point the Dickens made out about a degenerate lawful framework. That was the reason Magwitch is set up to go to any lengths to murder Compeyson. Magwitch feels that the main way he could get equity is to assume control over issue. After the officers had gotten the two men. Magwitch is moved to Australia. At the point when he has served his time he can make another life there, yet on the off chance that he comes back to England he will confront a capital punishment. Magwitch cultivated sheep, lives economically and sets aside his cash for Pip. Pip not knowing anything about this or the mesh measure of cash he will get later on. Pip believing that he won't have a very remarkable future becomes Joes understudy Miss Havisham a well off old woman who lives in a major and rather desolate house called Satis House welcomed Pip to play at her home.

Argumentative Essay: Classmate vs Parents

Do you concur or differ with the accompanying articulation: â€Å"Classmates have more impact on a child’s achievement in school than guardians do†. Utilize explicit reasons and guides to help your answer. Brilliant scholarly execution is the fantasy of pretty much every child. There are numerous components influencing children’s accomplishment in school, two of which are cohorts and guardians. The inquiry that who has assumed increasingly significant job is by all accounts a dubious issue. By and by I think guardians by one way or another contribute increasingly because of the accompanying reasons.Firstly it is regularly said that guardians are who comprehend kids the most. In addition to the fact that they have an exhaustive picture of the children’s intrigue, yet they are likewise ready to make sense of their qualities and shortcomings. On account of the prosperous experience they have, guardians should be the ideal kid’s specialists in school li fe, offering them great guidance under any conditions. Despite the fact that father and mother may not help with the scholastic information, they can at present offer the working abilities, for instance time the executives, or help viably in a tough situation, similar to a pup love.If it hadn’t been for parental direction, there must be huge numbers of us who couldn't be that effective in school. In addition, it will be difficult for any children to overcome the examination top if there is no parental help in term of time and cash. There are numerous undeniable models here in Vietnam indicating the amazing endeavors of country guardians who decide to sell everything in the house all together that their children can take the college entrance examination.I myself despite everything recall the hour of elementary school when my dad needed to travel around 20 kilometers each morning to take me to class; the amount I owe him! Unlimited love is the main purpose behind these unlimite d penances. Rivals who believe that cohorts may have more prominent effect on study achievement have their point in contending that equivalent matured companions can are better at helping each other in school subjects; and great friends can have a generally excellent effect on kids. It is verifiable that schoolmates likewise assume a significant job in children’s scholastic execution just as school relationships.However, the inquiry is, what number of a kid’s friends can remain close by through difficult time in such a long report life? Schoolmates are not as experienced as guardians to assist kids with making up their psyches in urgent investigation choice also. While school colleagues are kids’ accomplices, guardians are their life-time friends. To summarize, I need to stress that the two schoolmates and guardians do impact over a child’s scholarly execution, however the latters have a greater saying. Kids need numerous different elements to be fruitful , in school, yet in their future life.

Read Harder 2017 Its Time To Talk About Micro Presses

Read Harder 2017 Its Time To Talk About Micro Presses Trying to figure out what, exactly, is a micro press? Don’t worry you’re not alone. By their nature small, indie, low-budget micro presses don’t get as much press or attention as they deserve. What information is available can be vague at best and contradictory at worst (particularly when you’re trying to find the difference between a micro- and a chapbook press).  The whole thing will lead you down a bottomless internet rabbit hole.  AND I LOVE INTERNET RABBIT HOLES!  Here are some of the things most people seem to agree on: The main criteria is that the books are published in limited releases no more than 300 copies for handmade chapbooks and 500 for spine bound (glued). They are run by one-two people, usually out of their homes University Presses are not micro presses Chapbook Presses are closely associated with poetry, but they also publish all kinds of fiction, essays and even comics. OH! And did you know that Roxane Gay friend of the site, Goddess of Twitter and the author who set this task founded her own micropress? It’s called Tiny Hardcore Press. Still have questions? I definitely did so I reached out to the booksellers responsible for curating the chapbook section at one of my favorite independent bookstores: McNally Jackson on Prince Street in Manhattan (If you’re in the area, you really need to check it out in person. Photographs don’t always do chapbooks justice). Laurel and Julia were nice enough to answer all my questions. The Read Harder task is: Read a book published by a micro press. There’s a lot of information on chapbooks online, but not as much about micro presses.  I was wondering what is the difference (if there is one) between a micro press and a chapbook publisher? In my understanding a micro press will publish mostly or only chapbooks in very limited runs, and rarely have any full time staff. But I’m not sure that there is a big difference between a small press, a chapbook publisher and a micro press. Or a lot of definitive rules. How long has McNally Jackson had a chapbook section? And what goes into it? The chapbook section was started in 2013, after McNally alum Sarah Gerard had the idea. She asked Landon Mitchell who manages the literature section today to help her set it up. For the most part it has been under Landon and the poetry and art manager, Carly Dashiell’s care, and they made it what it is today in terms of the presses we carry and all the unique stuff you can find. Usually we will put the book in the chapbook section if it is handmade, stitched or shorter than a typical book of poetry, chapbooks are usually around 15 to 30 pages. Of course, we have fiction in the chapbook section as well, those usually contain a couple of stories. Sometimes literary magazines end up in the chapbook section, especially if they have been made in a limited run and visually fit in with the chapbooks. Some examples are No, Dear, Bone Bouquet and Ugly Duckling’s 66. How do you find new titles and publishers? I had a lot of favorite presses that I wanted to bring in when I began managing the chapbook section this fall. Beyond that I would look online for new presses. Id check places like Entropy’s where to submit list, interviews with small presses by friends and colleagues, and Id look up poets whose work I admire and find out what presses have published their work. Can you tell us some of  your favorite things about working with chapbooks and micro presses?  And what you think they offer readers that is different from larger, mainstream publishers? I think the more personal relationships you build with the editors of these presses is really lovely, and having worked for a small press myself, I know that the people who work there really care about the work they do and the beautiful books they are putting into the world. I am also so charmed by the design and visual aspect of chapbooks, each time we get some new ones in there is something exciting and unique to discover, and some books it can be difficult to decide if they belong in art, chapbooks or graphic novels. I think that ambiguity is exciting and it usually means that the book has been very carefully created and is intended to be a precious object. You mentioned the design and visual aspects of the books are there any presses that stand out to you in terms of quality and/or being beautifully/artistically made? Greying Ghost, Double Cross, and Slope Editions all make high quality books with great details. Please Light Up by Ted Powers from Slope Editions is a serial poem created as a group of little cards that come in a cylindrical box, meant to be read a new way each time. Greying Ghost has a very cool book made entirely out of recycled comics from the 50’s and 80’s that I am a big fan of, it’s called Grit Lords Vol 1. Double Cross uses the most fantastic paper and has lovely designs. One of their books, I Only Thought of the Farm by Lisa Ciccarello, can be folded out and hung on the wall as a poster. Swimming Pool by Jennifer Firestone has the most fitting pool colored turquoise cover with this intricate imprinted design in lighter blue. Is there an author you discovered in a chapbook who later went on to a bigger publisher? I know Sarah Gerard, who I mentioned started the chapbook section at McNally, published a chapbook with Guillotine, and later she went on to publish a novel (Binary Star) with Two Dollar Radio and this spring she has a collection of essays (Sunshine State: Essays) with Harper Perennial. In general I think it’s pretty typical to publish a chapbook or two first, and then go on to publish something full length, especially if you’re a poet. Belladonna*, which I mentioned earlier, is great at publishing fresh voices, they make chaplets (a simple chapbook, made from folded and stapled paper) for all of their readings, featuring what the poets are planning to read. The chaplets are a way for poets to have a publication early in their career or while theyre working on a manuscript. My last question one of the things that makes McNally Jackson so unique is their commitment to international and translated books. With that in mind, can you recommend any micro presses which publish translations? Does such a thing exist? Yes! One of the translated chapbooks we’ve sold at McNally that I love is His Days Go By the way Her Years by Ye Mimi, translated by Steve Bradbury from Anamalous Press (poetry). Ugly Duckling and Belladonna* also do translated chapbooks, and I’m sure a few of the other presses I mentioned do as well. Thank you so much for taking the time to answer my questions. Thanks for asking us to do this, Im excited about your project! So now that you have some background on micro presses and an idea of what to expect below are some recommendations: Laurel and Julia recommend  Dancing Girl, Belladonna*, Ink Press Productions, Greying Ghost, Double Cross, Bateau Press, Bottlecap Press, Guillotine. Roxane Gay recommends  Jellyfish Highway, Civil Coping Mechanisms, Dancing Girl Press, Tyrant Books, Publishing Genius, Big Lucks Tara’s  recommends  Future Tense Books, Yeti Press (comics!), Ugly Duckling, Rose Metal Press, Tyrant Books Subscribe to Events to receive news and announcements about sitewide events, including daylong and weeklong bookish celebrations, as well as announcements of our Best Of and Anticipated  books. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Kodaks Potential Niche for Digital Picture Frames Free Essay Example, 2750 words

Kodak products are bought both by individual customers on a small scale and are also large-scale investments by companies particularly health care firms. Though Kodak health imaging products and services are not faced with the slump, it is the imaging supplies to the general customers which are resulting in a decline. Film developing is almost obsolete and therefore is no longer generating revenue from that sector. Inflation is making a huge impact on customers when making decisions to invest in cameras and Kodak being highly priced than Sony or Canon often loses the race in this regard. Also, Canon and Nikon's products are far more popular in the photojournalist market and Kodak also cannot win the race their too. Since Kodak has to invest a lot to develop digital technology, one of its key strategies was to use its profits from film sales to invest in research and development. Since profits from film sales are low, Kodak needs to finance digital research and development from other areas. These also means that Kodak is feeling the crunch financially from the decreasing cash flows from a film to the huge investments made in digital to the scant profits made from the digital segment which was supposed to be the new cornerstone of the company. We will write a custom essay sample on Kodak's Potential Niche for Digital Picture Frames or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Since these photo frames are multi-purpose and can display slideshows they provide value to users who normally have to buy multiple frames to display their precious photographs and thus are economical. It is the changing trends in the social environment which can greatly help Kodak coming up with a new product and marketing it effectively. The greatest change in social trends has been the birth of internet communities and frequent sharing of images. This has led to the bursting growth of digital photo sharing with uploading and decreases the need for photo development on film. Kodak tried to capitalize on this trend like its competitors but was not extremely successful but it should know that if it sticks to its slogan and makes digital photography even more convenient than a pencil than it can again be an icon.

The Fundamental Qualities Of What It Means Essay - 2527 Words

Defining the fundamental qualities of what it means to be who we are has always been a central theme in philosophical thought. While we are clearly not the strongest, the fastest, the biggest, or even the most long-lived, we have a strong tendency to believe that we are set aside from, and often even better than, other animal species that we share this planet with. The most critical differences between the human species and other animals can be found in non-physical qualities that we possess; namely, our capacity to have free will. Free will is the ability to choose between different courses of action in a way that is not constrained by â€Å"fate.† The possession of free will entails responsibility, accountability, guilt, praise, etc – qualities that largely define our social lives. If we had absolutely no choice in the matter, it would be quite silly to react to your cheating boyfriend with resent or to be grateful to a friend who helps you with the homework that you forgot to do. The problem with free will lies in such sentiment, reflecting the determinism thesis. It would be irrational to jump to the conclusion that we are independent of the causal laws that govern the rest of the universe. Determinism is the view that all events are inevitable and that our actions and behaviors is a part of a larger causal chain. In considering scientific observation of the laws of nature, the determinism thesis sounds just as plausible as the free will thesis -but how can we both have aShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Wrong With Descartes Causal Proof Of God1252 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Wrong with Descartes’ Causal Proof of God ReneÃŒ  Descartes was born on 31 March 1596 in La Haye, France; a city which was later renamed as â€Å"Descartes† in his honor. his early life was not well documented until 1960, but it is known that he was familiar with mathematics and philosophy (Hatfield). Sometimes described as â€Å"The Father of Modern Philosophy†, not only considered a great philosopher, but also a great mathematician, contributed greatly for both areas – Cartesian geometry, for instanceRead MoreA Good Life Is A Central Goal Of Humanity979 Words   |  4 Pagesbased on what the individuals’ primary needs. However, because of financial shortage, health issues, and lack of communication qualities of a good life are interpreted in a compliance with requests. With the primary needs met, having a good life simply comes down to objects that people desire. In doing so, they must find the fundamentals of humanity and overlook the ideal person the world want to make to find truly a good l ife for oneself socially, morally even spiritually. The quality of a goodRead MoreQuality Management Assessment Summary1679 Words   |  7 PagesQuality Management Assessment Summary HCS/451 Health Care Quality Management and Outcomes Analysis Quality Management Quality management is a systematic and continuous process that organizations use to deliver products and services that meet or exceed customer expectations. Quality management in healthcare has evolved over the years to address increased demands from consumers related to the quality of care and services, as well as to address problems in patients’ outcomes. TheRead MoreThe Patient-Centered Medical Home: Highlights and Important Details1310 Words   |  5 PagesAgency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the â€Å"patient centered medical home† (PCMH) or â€Å"primary care medial home† is the country’s primary care system. The goal, aAccording to the AgencyAHRQ, the goal is to provide â€Å"high- quality, accessible, efficient health care for all Americans.† The mission of the medical home model is to â€Å"improve health care in Americans by transforming how primary care is organized and delivered.† However, this starts by defining w hat exactly a medical home is. —IitRead MoreHow Advertising Has Changed Since The World Of Pay Per Click Advertising1362 Words   |  6 Pagesappear at the top of the page, and, in case there are multiple ads, are ranked based on a composite ranking score Google calls â€Å"Quality Score†. This score is determined by a combination of keywords used, maximum cost per click (the amount an advertiser is willing to spend for one click on their ad), the relevancy of the landing page, and the quality of the ad (â€Å"AdWords Fundamentals: Exam Study†). Another option is to use the Google Display Network, which allows ads to show up inside some websites as opposedRead MoreExamination And Investigation Of Cyber Forensic Investigation Process Essay965 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract In December 2013, over 40 million credit cards were stolen from nearly 2000 Target stores by accessing data on point of sale (POS) systems. This paper will explore known issues in the Target breach. From what is known about the Target breach, there were multiple factors that led to data loss: vendors were subject to phishing attacks, network segregation was lacking, point of sale systems were vulnerable to memory scraping malware and detection strategies employed by Target failed. A possibleRead MoreLeadership Definitions Of Leadership As A Leader1224 Words   |  5 Pageswith many responsibilities and duties which can be both challenging and rewarding at the same time but this depends on how well the individual handles themselves in these situations. 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Dictionaries offer many definitions forRead MoreWhat Is an Educated Filipino1418 Words   |  6 PagesSummary: What is an educated Filipino? -Francisco Benitez- What is an educated Filipino and what qualities should distinguish him today? The conception of education and of what an educated man is varies in response to fundamental changes in the details and aims of society. In our country and during this transitional stage in our national life, what are the qualities which an educated man should possess? Great changes have taken place in the nature of our social life during the last forty yearsRead MoreAn Analysis of Ellen Condiffe Lagemann’s Article on What Can College Mean? Lessons from the Bard Prison Initiative777 Words   |  4 PagesIt may come as no surprise to some that a quality education has the power to provide, for those who seek it, the opportunity of personal and professional transformation. It can be said that a society which encourages higher education is more likely to yield a population of individuals who are civic minded and purposeful as opposed to a society which does not. In an article entitled â€Å"What Can College Mean? – Lessons from the Bard Prison Institute, author Ellen Condiffe Lagemann supports the importance

Basic Sentence Structures And Samples Free Essays

Using the four basic sentence structures in a written work is very important, first as a means of clarity of expression, and second as a means of adding dimension and variety to a written work. For instance, using only simple sentences such as â€Å"The woman eats everything she sees. † will not give continuity to a written work, and will make the work sound and look like an enumeration of things, just a list of everything with nothing to link each of these together. We will write a custom essay sample on Basic Sentence Structures And Samples or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the outset, it will make the written work ambiguous or difficult to understand. There should be a variety of sentences in a written work, so noticeably, if for instance, the above sentence is followed by a compound sentence like, â€Å"She eats everything but she also chooses what to eat based on her mood. † the above simple sentence acquires another dimension and thus, more clarity. Now if to these two sentences another sentence is added, a complex sentence, like, â€Å"She opens her mouth every time something edible is in sight until the item is too big for her mouth. † the idea expressed in the first two sentences becomes even clearer, hence, the function of clarity; and with the introduction of new ideas in the third sentence, more variety is achieved. Finally, with the addition of a compound-complex sentence, such as, â€Å"When she is full, the woman’s stomach distends immensely, and she stops eating. † the ideas come full circle and maximum clarity is achieved. The above sentences may therefore be written as follows. â€Å"The woman eats everything she sees. She eats everything but she also chooses what to eat based on her mood. She opens her mouth every time something edible is in sight until the item is too big for her mouth. When she is full, the woman’s stomach distends immensely, and she stops eating. † How to cite Basic Sentence Structures And Samples, Papers

Tobias George Smollett Essays - Picaresque Novels, Tobias Smollett

Tobias George Smollett Tobias George Smollett (1721-1771), Scottish novelist, was born in Dalquhurn, Dumbarton County Scotland. Smollett was born beneath a plane tree at Dalquharn House on the family estate of Bon hill in the Vale of Leven, near the village of Renton, Dumbartonshire. At fourteen Smollett was apprenticed to a Glasgow doctor. He studied medicine at Glasgow University and moved to London in 1740. He was a ship's surgeon in the Carragena expedition against the Spanish in the West Indies, and lived in Jamaica until 1744 when he returned to London and renewed his earlier attempts to stage a play he had written The Regicide, but still met with no success. He also failed to set up his own medical practice. His first novel, the partly autobiographical Roderick Random (1748), was an immediate success. His best novel, The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771), has become a classic. It is a story, told in a series of letters, about the travels of a family through England and Scotland. Smollett was troubled by lack of money. He spent his last years in poor health, and died in Livorno, Italy, on October 21, 1771. Two years later, Johnson and Boswell stayed at Cameron House with Smollett's cousin James, who was preparing to erect a Tuscan column in Smollett's memory at Renton. Johnson helped compose the Latin obituary on the plinth, and the column stood in what subsequently became the playground of a school. Some of Tobias Smollett's work consists of The Tears of Scotland (1746). Poem on the defeat of the Scots at the Battle of Culloden. The Adventures of Roderick Random ( 1748 ). Gil Blas. Translation of LeSage's novel. ( 1749 ). The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle ( 1751 ). The Adventures of Ferdinand, Count Fathom ( 1753 ). Don Quixote. Translation of Cervantes' novel. ( 1755). The Adventures of Sir Lancelot Greaves ( 1760 ). Travels through France and Italy ( 1766 ). The History and Adventures of an Atom ( 1769 ). The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker ( 1771 ). Some critics regard Tobias Smollet as more satirist meaning that a work of literature or art that, by inspiring laughter, contempt, or horror, seeks to correct the follies and abuses it uncovers. I don't know what that means though. This is a paragraph from Tobias Smollett's book The Adventures of Roderick Random. Roderick Random is the orphaned, unwanted grandson of a severe old Scots magistrate, exposed by his grandfather's known neglect to the malice of the community. His principal enemies are the schoolmaster and the young heir. It is not long before a deus ex machina appears in the form of a sailor uncle: He was a strongly built man, somewhat bandy-legged, with a neck like that of a bull, and a face which had withstood the most obstinate assaults of the weather. His dress consisted of a soldier's coat, altered for him by the ship's tailor, a striped flannel jacket, a pair of red breeches japanned with pitch, clean grey worsted stockings, large silver buckles that covered theree-fourths of his shoues, a silver laced hat whosecrown overlooked the brim about an inch and a half, a black bob wig in buckle, a check shirt, a silk hankerchief, a henger with a brass handle girded on his thigh by a tarnished laced belt, and a good oak plant under his arm. I picked this paragraph because here Smollett is describing the hero of the story Roderick Random. I believe it is important to have a brief if not full description of characters, so that you can imagine seeing them maybe even being there, in your mind, while they are doing what is described in the book. Tobias George Smollett Essays - Picaresque Novels, Tobias Smollett Tobias George Smollett Tobias George Smollett (1721-1771), Scottish novelist, was born in Dalquhurn, Dumbarton County Scotland. Smollett was born beneath a plane tree at Dalquharn House on the family estate of Bon hill in the Vale of Leven, near the village of Renton, Dumbartonshire. At fourteen Smollett was apprenticed to a Glasgow doctor. He studied medicine at Glasgow University and moved to London in 1740. He was a ship's surgeon in the Carragena expedition against the Spanish in the West Indies, and lived in Jamaica until 1744 when he returned to London and renewed his earlier attempts to stage a play he had written The Regicide, but still met with no success. He also failed to set up his own medical practice. His first novel, the partly autobiographical Roderick Random (1748), was an immediate success. His best novel, The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771), has become a classic. It is a story, told in a series of letters, about the travels of a family through England and Scotland. Smollett was troubled by lack of money. He spent his last years in poor health, and died in Livorno, Italy, on October 21, 1771. Two years later, Johnson and Boswell stayed at Cameron House with Smollett's cousin James, who was preparing to erect a Tuscan column in Smollett's memory at Renton. Johnson helped compose the Latin obituary on the plinth, and the column stood in what subsequently became the playground of a school. Some of Tobias Smollett's work consists of The Tears of Scotland (1746). Poem on the defeat of the Scots at the Battle of Culloden. The Adventures of Roderick Random ( 1748 ). Gil Blas. Translation of LeSage's novel. ( 1749 ). The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle ( 1751 ). The Adventures of Ferdinand, Count Fathom ( 1753 ). Don Quixote. Translation of Cervantes' novel. ( 1755). The Adventures of Sir Lancelot Greaves ( 1760 ). Travels through France and Italy ( 1766 ). The History and Adventures of an Atom ( 1769 ). The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker ( 1771 ). Some critics regard Tobias Smollet as more satirist meaning that a work of literature or art that, by inspiring laughter, contempt, or horror, seeks to correct the follies and abuses it uncovers. I don't know what that means though. This is a paragraph from Tobias Smollett's book The Adventures of Roderick Random. Roderick Random is the orphaned, unwanted grandson of a severe old Scots magistrate, exposed by his grandfather's known neglect to the malice of the community. His principal enemies are the schoolmaster and the young heir. It is not long before a deus ex machina appears in the form of a sailor uncle: He was a strongly built man, somewhat bandy-legged, with a neck like that of a bull, and a face which had withstood the most obstinate assaults of the weather. His dress consisted of a soldier's coat, altered for him by the ship's tailor, a striped flannel jacket, a pair of red breeches japanned with pitch, clean grey worsted stockings, large silver buckles that covered theree-fourths of his shoues, a silver laced hat whosecrown overlooked the brim about an inch and a half, a black bob wig in buckle, a check shirt, a silk hankerchief, a henger with a brass handle girded on his thigh by a tarnished laced belt, and a good oak plant under his arm. I picked this paragraph because here Smollett is describing the hero of the story Roderick Random. I believe it is important to have a brief if not full description of characters, so that you can imagine seeing them maybe even being there, in your mind, while they are doing what is described in the book.

Language in the Byzantine Empire

Language in the Byzantine Empire Constantinople, the new capital that Emperor Constantine developed in the East in the early fourth century CE, lay in a largely Greek-speaking area of the Roman Empire. That doesnt mean that before the Fall of Rome the emperors headquartered and the people living there were native Greek speakers or, even if they were, incompetent Latin speakers. Both languages, Greek and Latin, were part of the repertoire of the educated. Until recently, those who considered themselves educated might be native English speakers but could piece out a short passage of Latin in their literary reading and get by speaking French. Peter and Catherine the Great ushered in an era where the politically important, the nobility of Russia, knew the French language and literature as well as Russian. It was similar in the ancient world. Greek Culture Greek literature and themes dominated Roman writing until the mid-third century B.C., which is about a century after Alexander the Great had started the spread of Hellenism including the Greek Koine language throughout the vast areas that he had conquered. Greek was the language Roman aristocrats demonstrated to show their culture. They imported Greek pedagogues to teach their young. The important rhetorician of the first century BCE, Quintilian, advocated education in Greek  since Roman children would naturally learn Latin on their own. (Inst. Oratoria i.12-14) From the second century CE, it became common for the wealthy to send their already Greek-speaking, but native-Latin-speaking Roman sons to Athens, Greece for higher education. Latin Gaining in Popularity Before the division of the Empire first into the four parts known as the Tetrarchy under Diocletian in 293 CE and then into two (simply an Eastern and a Western section), the second century CE Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote his meditations in Greek, following the affectations popular with philosophers. By this time, however, in the West, Latin had gained a certain cachet. A bit later, a contemporary of Constantine, Ammianus Marcellinus (c. 330-395 CE), from Antioch, Syria, but living in Rome, wrote his history not in his familiar Greek, but in Latin. The first century CE Greek biographer Plutarch went to Rome to learn the language better. (p. 85 Ostler, citing Plutarch Demosthenes 2) The distribution was such that Latin was the language of the people to the west and north of a dividing line beyond Thrace, Macedonia, and Epirus down to northern Africa west of western Cyrenaica. In rural areas, the uneducated would not have been expected to know Greek, and if their native language were something other than Latin it might be Aramaic, Syriac, Coptic, or some other ancient tongue they might not even have known Latin well. Likewise on the other side of the dividing line, but with Greek and Latin reversed In the East, they probably knew Greek in rural areas, to the exclusion of Latin, but in urban areas, like Constantinople, Nicomedia, Smyrna, Antioch, Berytus, and Alexandria, most people needed to have some command of both Greek and Latin. Latin helped one advance in the imperial and military service, but otherwise, it was more a formality than a useful tongue, beginning at the start of the fifth century. Last of the Romans The so-called Last of the Romans, Constantinople-based Emperor Justinian (r. 527-565), who was an Illyrian by birth, was a native Latin speaker. Living about a century after the Edward Gibbon-driven date of 476 for the Fall of Rome, Justinian made efforts to regain sections of the West lost to European barbarians. (Barbarian was a term the Greeks had used to mean non-Greek speakers and which the Romans adapted to mean those who spoke neither Greek nor Latin.) Justinian may have been trying to retake the Western Empire, but he had challenges closer to home  since neither Constantinople nor the provinces of the Eastern Empire were secure. There were also the famous Nika riots and a plague (see Lives of the Caesars). By his time, Greek had become the official language of the surviving section of the Empire, the Eastern (or later, Byzantine) Empire. Justinian had to publish his famous law code, the Corpus Iuris Civile in both Greek and Latin. Greeks vs Romans This sometimes confuses people who think the use of the Greek language in Constantinople means the inhabitants thought of themselves as Greeks, rather than as Romans. Particularly when arguing for a post-5th-century date for the Fall of Rome, some counter that by the time the Eastern Empire stopped legally requiring Latin, the inhabitants thought of themselves as Greeks, not Romans. Ostler asserts that the Byzantines referred to their language as romaika (Romanish) and that this term was in use until the 19th century. In addition, the people were known as Rumi a term obviously much closer to Roman than Greek. We in the West might think of them as non-Romans, but that is another story. By the time of Justinian, Latin was not the common tongue of Constantinople, although it was still an official language. The Roman people of the city spoke a form of Greek, a Koine. Sources Chapter 8 Greek in the Byzantine Empire: The Major Issues Greek: A History of the Language and its Speakers, Second Edition, by Geoffrey Horrocks; Wiley:  © 2010.The Latin Language, by L. R. Palmer; University of Oklahoma Press: 1987.Ad Infinitum: A Biography of Latin, by Nicholas Ostler; Walker: 2007.

Admissions Applications and the Parent Questionnaire

Admissions Applications and the Parent Questionnaire One aspect of the private school admission process is the completion of a formal  application, which includes both a student and a parent questionnaire. Many parents spend hours going over the student portion with their children, but the parent application needs ample attention, as well. This piece of information is a crucial part of the application, and is something that admission committees read  carefully. Heres what you need to know: The Purpose of the Parent Questionnaire This document may also be  known as the Parent Statement. The rationale for this series of questions is to have you, the parent or guardian, answer questions about your child. There is the understanding that you know your child better than any teacher or counselor, so your thoughts matter. Your answers should help the admissions staff get to know your child better. However, its important to be realistic about your child and remember that every child has both strengths and areas in which he or she can improve.   Answer the Questions Truthfully Dont paint a picture-perfect vision of your child. It important to be genuine and authentic. Some of the questions can be personal and probing. Be careful not to distort or avoid the facts. For example, when the school asks you to describe your childs character and personality, you need to do so succinctly yet honestly. If your child has been expelled or failed a year, you must address the issue forthrightly and honestly. The same goes for information related to educational accommodations, learning challenges, and emotional or physical challenges your child may experience. Just because you disclose information that may not be a glowing positive, doesnt mean that your child isnt a good fit for the school. At the same time, full explaining  the needs of your child can help the school to assess if they can provide the necessary accommodations to ensure success. The last thing you want to do is send your child to a school that cant meet your childs needs.   Make a Rough Draft of Your Answers Always print out a copy of the questionnaire or copy the questions into a document on your computer. Use this secondary place to write a rough draft of your answers to each question. Edit for coherence and clarity. Then put the document aside for twenty-four hours.  Look at it again a day or so later. Ask yourself how your answers will be interpreted by the admissions staff who do not know your child as you do. Have a trusted adviser or, if you have hired one, your educational consultant, review your answers. Then input your answers into the online portal (most schools require online applications these days) and submit along with the other documents. Write Your Own Answers Do not underestimate the importance of the Parent Questionnaire. Something that you may say in your answers could  resonate with the admissions staff and make them feel a connection to you and your family. Your answers might even tip the scale in your childs favor and help the school understand how they can play a primary role in your childs education, helping him or her succeed and achieve their best, both during the years attending the school and beyond. Take plenty of time to craft thoughtful, considered answers that accurately reflect you and your child. Do not have an assistant answer these questions for you. Even if you are a very busy CEO or a  single parent working full time and juggling multiple children, this one document is extremely important; make time to complete it. This is your childs future at stake. Things are not like they used to be decades ago when perhaps the mere fact that you were an important person would suffice to get your child admitted. The same is true for consultants. If you are working with a consultant, it is still important that your questionnaire, and your childs portion of the application (if he or she is old enough to complete one) should be genuine and from you. Most consultants would not write the responses for you, and you should question your consultant if he or she suggests this practice. The school will want to see evidence that you personally have tended to this questionnaire. It is one more indication to the school that you are a committed and involved partner with the school in your childs education. Many schools highly value the partnership with parents and family members, and investing your time in the parent questionnaire can show that youre dedicated to supporting your child and that you will be an involved parent.   Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

Social work dessertation proposal Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Social work dessertation - Thesis Proposal Example eption of the FSP in relation to the social life of their workers ,the roles they play, there relevance among others .It will also highlight the challenges the FSP face and how these challenges are mitigated. To complete the dissertation ,there will be use of a wide range of recourses, one of them will be articles written on the above topic, this could be by morgue attendants, the public or interested parties on the topic ,this articles may have been published or not. Secondly books will also be used in the collecting any relevant material, books carry relevant information that can be defended by the users at any given time, they are detailed and reliable too. Thirdly, magazines and newspapers are likely to provide a substantial number of information for the study. Journal articles and funeral service websites will subsequently be used to gather information. However there is very limited research done on the above topic, this factor should encourage researches to research and publish more articles and books on the same. II) Distribution of FSP ; this will carry out an analysis of FSB distribution ,what is the relationship between the populating size and the number of FSP, what factors contribute to the setting up of such, what process does a FSP undergo before being legalized , What is the mode of recruitment of its workers III) Management; This will cover the administration system at FSP, the pricing of the institutions, should such institution belong to the government, challenges faced by FSP and ways of tackling the challenges. IV) Services offered by FSP.: The kind of services offered, the major ones and subsequent services ,do they add value to the dead, how do they console the relative s of the bereaved, do they advertise their services and what incentives do they offer

Themes of community, family, and mental illness in the book In Cold Research Paper

Themes of community, family, and mental illness in the book In Cold Blood by Truman Capote - Research Paper Example The clutter is portrayed as a well to do family of six who started from a humble background. At the time of the murder, Clutter was said to have graduated into a successful farmer and a generous employee who is admired by many people in his community. Capote in writing his book brings out certain pertinent ideas on the American living that are artistically captured in creatively organized themes. This paper examines the themes of community, family, and mental illness as portrayed in Capote’s In Cold Blood and how they are intertwined in describing a true American Countryside life. Community The role of the community in a Native American countryside life is pleasingly analyzed in Capote’s book by examining the organization of the community and the role played by the community members to each other in their bid to co-exist. Holcomb village is pictured as a middle class American village characterized by people of different caliber. According to Gibson, the Clutter is said to be one among the other members who can be graded as successful members of the Holcomb community and his status earns him a lot of respect from the whole community and in the whole state as a generous employer. The family is highly regarded as having started off from a humble background to their then state. ... e community members respect the Clutters because of his kindness despite his status despite the material wealth he owns as compared to the surrounding neighborhood and this is evidenced in the shock and sympathy with which the whole village receives the news about their murder. Capote describes a friendly community as one where the members live in harmony with each other regardless of one’s social status and the Clutter’s death is a revelation to the security threat in the region that a long time has co-existed in a peaceful environment. (Capote) This is contrasted with the Smith’s community, which is rather brutal, and each one is not concerned about the welfare of the other. Smith’s father is an example in this case who continuously batters his wife to an extent that they divorce. Moreover, the situation in the Smith’s village is expended when the Smith’s family is torn apart due to constant quarrels, he runs away from home and finding no f riends to confide in, he engages himself in crimes influenced by the bitter experiences and neglect he had been subjected. No one cares about him despite the ordeal he undergoes, Guest further asserts that his beating and humiliation by cottage mistress result from his maturity malfunction. Out of loneliness, Smith is most likely lured into criminal offenses, in order to avenge his bitter experiences, that lands him in and out of detention several times. Smith’s coincidental meeting with Dick who takes advantage of his situation is probably augmented by lack of care and intervention by the surrounding people and family friends. Even after he has landed into bad company the community members are still silent about this and no one intervenes to offer comfort or counseling to their troubled fellow. This only accelerates

Theories for superiority and success

Theories for superiority and success Adler felt behaviour was motivated mainly by social influences and by a striving for superiority or success; power being the basic drive, rather than sexuality as Freud suggested. Adler (1922) said it was an inferiority complex rather than Oedipus complex that was the determining factor in neurosis. Freud felt that society rose out of aggression and sexual repression, formulating his Oedipus theory to illustrate it. He assumed experience shaped personality and that present behaviour is caused by past experiences. Adlers view was that we are responsible for who we are and behaviour is shaped by our experiences and view of the future, the opposite to Freuds theory. Adler also believed that psychologically healthy people behave consciously, aware of what and why they do what they do, in contrast with Freud, who placed heavy emphasis on unconscious components of behaviour. (Anne Shyne 1942) Adler (1917) studied organ inferiority as a doctor and the physical compensations made for a part that wasnt working properly. He felt people are born with weak, inferior bodies that lead to feelings of inferiority and dependence on others. He said that if a person managed to compensate properly for inferior feelings then they will pass through this phase successfully and become a mentally healthy person. On the other hand if the person fails to compensate for their weakness they may develop an inferiority complex believing themselves less worthy than others. In his mind it was physical inferiorities, not sex, which formed the foundation of human motivation. Along with his inferiority theory he developed his aggression instinct theory; aggression begins with feelings of inferiority or anxiety within the family-our earliest social contacts. Freud disagreed at the time, however proposed a similar idea some years later: the death instinct, where self defeating behaviours, e.g. violence and aggression, are a product of this instinct. (Boeree 2006) Feist.J, Feist, G, (2008) wrote that both Freud and Adler were influenced by the horrors of World War I and both amended their theories; Freud promoted aggression as a basic human drive alongside the sex drive, whereas Adler, influenced by the war experience for himself and those around him, concluded that social interest and compassion drove human motivation and not aggression. He used the term masculine protest, which implied a power to dominate others. Boys wanted to be seen as masculine i.e. strong and in charge, not weak or dependent (feminine), but this was misinterpreted labelling men innately as more assertive, so Adler downgraded the phrase (Boeree 2006), minimising its role in his theory of abnormal development. Masculine assertiveness was not due to some innate superiority but a reflection of the fact that boys were socially encouraged to be assertive, and girls discouraged; seen with boys toys e.g. swords, guns and bow and arrows, and girls toys such as dolls, prams and d olls houses. Adler revised his idea to both boys and girls begin life with the capacity for protest. Feist, J., Feist, G. (2008). Adler (1964) identified certain factors of Individual Psychology to explain our behaviour: 1. Striving for success or superiority is the driving force. 2. Subjective perceptions shape behaviour and personality. 3. Personality is unified and self-consistent. 4. Social interest dictates activity. 5. The self-consistent personality structure develops into a persons style of life. 6. Creative power moulds this style of life. The one dynamic force behind peoples behaviour is the Striving for Superiority or Success: Adler (1956) proposed our behaviour is driven by only one motivating force striving for success or superiority. In his early theory, he used the term striving for superiority to describe psychologically unhealthy people who strive for personal superiority over others, but he later proposed the term striving for success, i.e. psychologically healthy people who are motivated by social interest, not just for themselves but for others around them. Individual psychology assumes that we have physical weaknesses that activate feelings of inferiority, and it is these feelings that drive us to superiority or success and enable us to fulfil our potential. This has similarities to Rogers theory of self-actualisation and the fully functioning person and reflects one of the philosophical roots of Friederich Nietzsches will to power i.e. human driving forces, such as ambition and achievement, to reach as high a position of in life as possible. (Boeree 2006). Inferiority complex, where an adult feels inferior to others, is only developed if a child thinks that he is less worthy than others. For example, if tall men are seen as better in a particular culture, then short men might develop inferiority complex because he feels that he is less important than others. But, if that same short man lived in a culture that made no difference between both tall and short men then he would have never developed inferiority complex. A more general form of inferiority is the inferiority of children who are smaller and less competent, socially and intellectually than adults, and so naturally feel inferior. An inferiority complex can be expressed as shy and timid, insecure, indecisive and submissive, reliance on others, even manipulating others to get support; the aim is to cover up ones inferiority by pretending to be superior, e.g. bullies who try to look hard or use their size or weapon to intimidate a smaller or unarmed person. More subtle examples include people who use attention-seeking behaviour, or power by committing crimes, or put others down for their gender, race, religious beliefs, sexual orientation, weight, height, etc. Even more subtle are those who hide their feelings of worthlessness in alcohol and drugs. People respond to inferiority by compensation ie making up for their shortcomings; a weak organ can be made stronger or other organs can be overdeveloped to compensate, similarly people with psychological inferiorities behave similarly: Some compensate by becoming good at their particular weakness, whilst others master something else. Children, who we know feel inferior around adults, have one thing in common: The desire to grow up, to be big, to be an adult. Most of us manage quite well (Boree 2006). People who see themselves as having more than their fair share of physical weaknesses overcompensate for them and often have exaggerated feelings of inferiority, strive for personal gain, and set unrealistic goals they are not team players, whereas those with normal feelings of inferiority compensate by co-operating with others and developing a good level of social interest. Peoples subjective perceptions shape their behaviour and personality: Adler was influenced by the philosopher Hans Vaihinger (1925) who said people live by fictional ideals that arent realistic and cant be tested or confirmed, eg Honesty is the best policy, All men are created equal, and The end justifies the means. Ideals such as these are usually fiction; fictionalisms can help us deal more effectively with reality, or they may block our attempts to accept it. For example, if we believe in heaven and hell, it will influence how we live. According to Adler (1956) we strive toward a final goal to achieve superiority or success. Although the final goal is fictional it is still significant because it unifies personality and makes our behaviour logical. We create our fictional goal, constructed by heredity and environment, using our creative power, i.e. our ability to shape our behaviour and create our own personality. By 4 or 5 years of age, childrens creative power has developed enough to create their final goal; they are small and powerless and to compensate they create their fictional goal to be big and strong e.g. children often play at being super heroes, or want to be a fireman when I grow up. A final goal reduces feelings of inferiority and points that person in the direction of either superiority or success. Although our final goal is relatively fixed during early childhood, we remain free to change our minds at any time. Because the goal is fictional and unconscious, we also create temporary goals i.e. sub-goals that are not rigidly bound to the final goal but are created as partial solutions. In other words, even though our final goal is set during childhood, we are capable of change at any point in life. However, Adler maintained that not all our choices are conscious and that style of life is created by conscious and unconscious choices; the unconscious being the unknown part of the goal. Sub- goals and final goals fit together in a self-consistent pattern. Adler (1956) used the analogy of the playwright who builds the characters and the subplots of the play to fit with the final goal of the drama. When the last scene is disclosed everything makes sense. When our final goal is known, our behaviour makes sense and each sub-goal takes on new significance. Adler (1956) said that lifestyle is not merely a mechanical reaction, but a result of our creative power, which differs from Freud who proposed that events from our past, such as childhood trauma, determine how we are now. Adler saw motivation, as not being driven by the past, but drawn towards our goals, our future, and our ideals, Teleology: Life is not mechanical, it is hard and uncertain but always has room for change (Boree 2006). Personality is unified and self-consistent: Adler didnt separate the parts of the personality as Freud did with Id, Ego and Super Ego, or conscious/pre-conscious/unconscious. He described a unified personality which cant be separated, not a series of drives and instincts, as proposed by Freud. He saw the unconscious and conscious as two cooperating parts of one unified system. A united personality being closely linked to the fictional final goal by which we organises our life to achieve a solution to a problem. I.e. a person has goal and a solution to get there, developed in childhood and handed to the adult as the major life task, all these parts work together self-consistently to achieve. Adler recognised different ways of operating with unity and self-consistency. One way was what he called Organ Dialect, where the individual strives in a self-consistent fashion toward a single goal, and all actions and functions are part of this goal, i.e. physicality, thoughts, feelings all affect the entire person. Adler (1956) said that through organ dialect, the bodys organs: Speak a language which is usually more expressive and discloses the individuals opinion more clearly than words are able to do (p. 223). He presented an example of organ dialect; a boy who wet the bed to convey a message that he doesnt want to obey his parents. His behaviour is: really a creative expression, for the child is speaking with his bladder instead of his mouth (p. 223). A person is not a different person when he is being a dad, a husband, working, or when he is with friends etc, he is the same person pursuing the same life goals and using the same tactics to achieve them; i.e. he is a single, unified, complete person. Unlike Freud, Adler did not view parts of the personality in conflict with each other; instead he saw actions, thoughts, and feelings working together. Human activity in terms of social Interest: Social interest is how we identify with society, i.e. care in families, community etc. Adler believed such social interest is not solely innate or solely learned, but a combination of the two: Its nature is innate but needs to be nurtured to survive (Boeree 2006). Adler (1927) felt it was the natural inferiority of individuals that directs their behaviour to form groups (society) for protection, support, love etc. That is, social interest is necessary for perpetuating the human race. Adler (1924) believed that we were social beings: The human being and all his capabilities and forms of expression are inseparably linked to the existence of others concluding that a social person is much closer to happiness than the isolated person striving for superiority. Adler (1933) cited the mutually beneficial relationship of mother and child as an example of the way social interest may originate. Adlers concept of the mother-child relationship was opposite to that of Freud, who described this relationship as based partly on oral, cannibalistic drives. The self-consistent personality structure develops into a Life Style: Life-Style refers to an individuals striving towards meaning and belonging. It is a pattern of behaviour that begins early in life and forms a theme there-on. It is the result of inferiorities, perceived or actual, and results in the implementation of schemes e.g. Adlers final goal to overcome death propelled him to become a doctor. (NCHC 2012) Life style is unique to each person and is the arrangement of our social, domestic and occupational activities. Although the final goal is fairly rigid, lifestyle need not be and flexibility and diversity is seen in psychologically healthy individuals, whereas, psychologically unhealthy people are more inflexible and are less able to choose new ways of responding to whats going on around them. Healthy people express their social interest through action; actively striving to solve what Adler called the three life tasks work, friendship and love, and whose behaviour represents the ideal characteristics for survival of society, and hence humankind. How we behave to achieve life style and final goal is supported by private logic, i.e. the private reasoning we invent to solve problems that is not understood by others. An individuals private logic consists of what he really believes and intends. It includes the long-range goals of the life style, the short range goals of the immediate situation, and the rationalisations he gives himself for what he is doing. The origin is in childhood; it explains ones own experiences to self, which is then used to justify ones actions, eg a child learns how to behave to get an adults attention which may be to misbehave. Private logic differs from what is commonly thought, i.e. common sense à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the degree of the discrepancy between private logic and common sense, what Adler called the iron logic of social living, is an indicator or measure of mental health. (Manaster, 2009, p. 5) Therapy draws awareness of mistaken beliefs or faulty interpretations, and hence, the errors in our private logic. Life Style is moulded by peoples creative power: The concept of the creative self means that the individual is responsible for himself, not blaming others or uncontrollable forces for his situation. The creative self interprets inferiority, creates the final goal and aligns life style and private logic. It can be flexible to whats going on around us, initiating and maintaining change. As Adler says, we are the masters of our own personalities and destinies-creators rather than passive reactors (NCHC 2012) Adler believed that we create patterns of behaviour, safeguarding tendencies, to protect our exaggerated sense of self-esteem against public disgrace. They enable us to hide an inflated self-image and maintain our life style, e.g. excuses, aggression and withdrawal. Freud called them ego defence mechanisms (EDMs). Both men agreed that they protect against anxiety, however, Freuds theory is that they are unconscious, protecting the ego from anxiety, whereas Adlers theory suggests they are largely conscious and protect our fragile self-esteem from public disgrace Family Constellations: as well as attributing parents and other adults as early influences on a child, Adler also include siblings as early influences as well. (Boeree 2006). He believed pampering and neglect were principal factors predisposing an inferiority complex and that a persons perceived role within a family was more important than the birth order itself. The only child is more likely to be pampered, denying opportunity to develop courage and self reliance. If the parents are abusive or neglectful the only child has to endure it alone, suffering a childhood full of humiliation and insecurity. The first child starts out as an only child, with lots of attention, but this all changes when a second child arrives. At first, he tries to regain his only child status by acting like the baby, but is quickly told to grow up, and so rebels, misbehaves and withdraws. According to Adler the first child is more likely to become a problem child who is solitary and more conservative than others in the family. The second child has the first child as a pace-setter and tends to compete with him. They often succeed, but often feel as if the race is never over, never quite getting there. Middle children behave in a similar way. The youngest child is often the most pampered, the baby of the family and is often treated as such. They are the second most likely problem child. Inferiority to anyone older and bigger than them themselves is common; however, they also have the advantage of older siblings to learn from, and can be driven to do better than them. Conditions such as illness or disability can be an over-riding factor, with the sickly child taking the youngest child position regardless of actual position. A major contribution of birth order research is that it has helped psychologists understand why brothers and sisters within the same family are no more similar in personality than are those from different families. According to Sulloway (1997), the family is not a single shared environment but a place of differing areas that provide siblings with different outlooks on life. The personalities of siblings differ because they adopt different strategies to achieve parental approval. Freuds Oedipal theory explains how he saw social development. He believed the childs behaviour is driven by an innate sexual and aggressive drive, completely ignoring the paternal behaviour that Adler believed shaped behaviour and development. It occurs during the phallic stage (around five years) of Freuds psycho-sexual theory of personality. The five year-old child feels hostile/incestuous towards the parent, feelings which cant be realised so instead they are repressed. Males repress their feelings for their mother fearing castration by their fathers, hiding their feelings in the unconscious, to enable them gain their fathers favour by becoming like him. The five year-old girl believes she has been castrated and blames her mother. The Oedipus Complex for her (sometimes called Electra Complex) is a desire for the father and fear/hatred of the mother, leading to repression of such feelings. Freud proposed that sex and aggression drives motivated behaviour whereas Adler believed that a sense of inferiority and a lifetime of compensation was the motivating factor. He believed in only one driving force behind our behaviour, the striving for perfection, that leads us closer to how we want to be. He believed that as adults we have the capacity to change and grow, allowing us to change what we dont like, whereas Freud suggested these were fixed in childhood. Adler looked at individuals in their individual social situation, looking at influences such as parenting styles, families and birth order, and how they compensated to overcome inferiorities. He believed that we become stable and useful human beings by success in the three life tasks of love, work and social interaction, of which we are in control. Neo-Freudians including Adler, Jung, and Erikson, known as Neo-Freudians because of their early associations with Freudian theory but later developing their own spin on things, also put emphasis on social relationships. Both individual psychology and humanistic psychology hold that the individual is the best influence of their needs, desires, interests, and growth within society.

Motivating Employees Case Study Essay

In order to be productive at work or at home an individual must be motivated to complete their task. There are two main forms of motivation, intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation is the desire to do the task right out of the satisfaction of a job well done without any ‘rewards’. Extrinsic motivation comes from external sources such as incentives programs. Both can be equally effective in the right situation. SAS Institute has gained a high reputation for their ability to motivate its employees with a balance of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. How Does SAS motivate its employees? The SAS Institute has long since set the standards for the ideal workplace. Focusing on both intrinsic and extrinsic motivational methods, SAS strives to ensure its employees enjoy what do and continue to stay interested in their work. SAS also encourages their employees to occasionally switch areas of expertise, gaining additional training if it is required. Using this approach, SAS keeps their employees from getting bored and losing interest in their job. In addition, â€Å"The SAS Institute also cares about its employees and their families’ well-being both on and off the job.†(George, Jones 2012) At its headquarters in Cary, North Carolina, SAS Institute also offers employees and their families 200 acres of luxuries activities as well as on-site childcare, healthcare and many other fitness and recreational benefits. What factors are likely to contribute to intrinsic motivation at SAS? The intrinsic motivation at the SAS institute can be attributed to many work and pe rsonal related factors. As quoted in the text, Bev Brown from external communications states: â€Å"Some may think that because SAS is family-friendly and has great benefits that we don’t work hard†¦. But people do work hard here, because they’re motivated to take care of a company that takes care of them.†(George, Jones, 2012) The SAS institute works hard to  keep their employees happy and motivated with generous benefits such as unlimited sick days and flexible schedules. As mentioned earlier, SAS offers on-site healthcare, childcare and many other benefits that not only benefit the employees but their families as well. Another factor that may contribute to the intrinsic motivation at SAS is the option to change jobs within the company. SAS offers additional training, if necessary, to employees who wish to switch fields. This keeps their employees interested in their work and productivity at a maximum. What factors are likely to contribute to extrinsic motivation at SAS? The managers at the SAS Institute are of the firm belief that employees need to feel that the work they do is making a difference within the company. SAS offers many incentive bonuses that are based on work performance. Employees can also take advantage of services offered such as massages, dry cleaning, car detailing and many recreational activities that include swimming and golfing. How might SAS’s long-term focus affect employee motivation? James Goodnight, long time CEO and co-founder of the SAS Institute, has implemented a long-term focus comprised of developing their software from scratch and setting up a long line of research and development projects. Not only does this approach help SAS when the economy takes a downward turn, but it serves as purposeful motivation for its employees. Firstly, employees don’t have to worry about getting laid off based on an economic crisis. Creating software from scratch also helps employees get creative. They get to design every nook and cranny of the software from the brainstorming process to the completed project. Overall, the SAS institute has a long history of happy and productive employees. SAS’s turnover rate is at an incredible 2%, while the rest of the software industry holds around 22%. SAS has maintained its status on Fortune Magazines â€Å"100 Best Companies to Work for in America† for 13 years in a row, ranking first in 2010. This is only possible by motivating its employees intrinsically, extrinsically, and therefore giving them a reason to produce great work. Reference George, J. M., & Jones, G. R. (2012). Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior (6th ed.). Prentice Hall.

History Thomas Jefferson and Chapter Essay - 1886 Words

Kathryn Drake History 133-008 11:00 – 11:50 16 November 2011 Chapter 1 The Native Americans October 11, 1492 1. Why do we say that Columbus discovered America when there were already one hundred million people here? Even though the Indians lived hear first the Europeans did not know about them. The Europeans then started to move and discovering the â€Å"new world†, finding things that had never been seen before. It was like Columbus discovered a whole new world even though it was already there with people. 2. Describe the religious customs of the Mayas, Aztecs, Timuquans, Natchez, and Spaniards as noted in the essay. In what ways were the various customs similar? In what ways were they different? Mayas and Aztecs were†¦show more content†¦This article is mostly bout John Woolman and his life as a Quaker. Many materials in the article I hadn’t heard before, lot little this that in most history classes you don’t learn. For instance a women has no ownership, nothing is hers, everything is her husband’s. The difference in back then and today’s society is fascinating. I couldn’t image having to fight for my rights as a woman. Chapter 5 Divided Loyalties Jonathan Boucher and the Pre-Revolutionary Crisis 1. What were Jonathan Boucher’s main criticisms of America in his early years as a colonist? What did he like about America? The two main Criticisms in Boucher early America year were over the payment of clergyman and bring American heritage to the Anglican Church. Boucher’s liked many things about America, the land, his friends, and his family was all there. 2. In what ways did Boucher contribute to colonial society and education while he was in America? Boucher’s was a minster of Hanover, a Church of England. He was rector at Saint Mary’s Parish. He is one of the founders of â€Å"The Homony Club†, were people would hold debates. 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William Shakespeare s The Cask Of Amontillado

Mujahid Ali Syed Professor Herbert English 2 4/9/15 Much Ado About Amontillado â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is a story centralized on a man’s burning desire to achieve a pure state of revenge. The imagery in this story is of great importance as it is integral to the plot of the story. In addition, the symbolism of the surroundings and objects in the story play a huge role in how the story unfolds and takes shape. Also, arguably the most dynamic literary device in the story is irony as it maintains the character’s roles throughout the story’s entirety. The combination of imagery, symbolism, and irony in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† all play extremely imperative roles in developing the characters and conveying the rather twisted plot about a man’s psychotic path to fulfill his vow of revenge. The high use of imagery in this story enhances the story by linking the specific colors and surroundings to the plot of the story. For example, Montresor is wearing a black silk mask which clearly repre sents revenge. This gives off a dark vibe right from the beginning of the story. The use of this imagery is employed as soon Fortunato â€Å"convinces† Montresor to go to the vaults. Poe writes, â€Å"Fortunato possessed himself of my arm; and putting on a mask of black silk and drawing a roquelaire closely about my person, I suffered him to hurry me to my palazzo† (102). Poe uses the words â€Å"black silk† and â€Å"roquelaire† to provide the image of Montresor as a dark figure which is proven later on in theShow MoreRelatedThe Cask Of Amontillado : William Shakespeare1450 Words   |  6 PagesFinal Paper 17 December 2014 The Cask of Amontillado: Shakespeare in American Literature There are a few names in literature which represent the ability to captivate an audience with suspense and gloom. Though masters of different genres, Edgar Allen Poe and William Shakespeare both embody this unique ability. One of Poe’s work in particular resembles the beauty and darkness that is found in Shakespeare’s tragedies. In the intriguing short story â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† two wealthy gentlemen from an